{"id":1036,"date":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/1036\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal 1032:"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Universal 1032: <\/h3>\n<dl>\n<dt>Original<\/dt>\n<dd>Morphemically simple phonological words never have more than one main stress.<\/dd>\n<dt>Standardized<\/dt>\n<dd>Morphemically simple phonological words never have more than one main stress.<\/dd>\n<dt>Keywords<\/dt>\n<dd>stress, accent<\/dd>\n<dt>Domain<\/dt>\n<dd>phonology, morphology<\/dd>\n<dt>Type<\/dt>\n<dd>unconditional<\/dd>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>achronic<\/dd>\n<dt>Quality<\/dt>\n<dd>almost absolute<\/dd>\n<dt>Basis<\/dt>\n<dd>sample of almost 200 languages in <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/ref\/source_ref.php#Greenberg_1976\">Greenberg &#038; Kaschube 1976<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Source<\/dt>\n<dd><a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Greenberg_1976\">Greenberg &#038; Kaschube 1976<\/a>: 8<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl>\n<dt>Counterexamples<\/dt>\n<dd>Possible counterexamples: Campa (Arawak): possibly lacks stress accent and instead uses feature \u2018intensity\u2019 [see also more recent descriptions of Campa languages];Nimboran (Trans-New Guinea), Sarangani Manobo (Southern Philippine, Western Malayo-Polynesian), Tahltan (Athabaskan), Yuma (Hokan): possibly genuine exceptions, although multiple primary stress in these languages sometimes even on adjacent syllables, only occur under well-defined exceptional circumstances;Hawaiian (Oceanic, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian): dominant penultimate stress and in addition stress on every long vowel;Southeast Ambrym (Oceanic, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian): stress evenly spread over two or possibly more syllables [\u201cbisyllabic major words are stressed on the first syllable if the second is short; otherwise stress is variable or constant through both syllables\u201d (Parker 1968: 90)];languages with stress on every long vowel or on every vowel preceding a consonant cluster etc. are not considered to have stress accent (which is cumulative) (Hyman 1977: 38-39 with references to K. Pike &#038; Kindberg 1956, E. Pike 1974 for discussion of \u2018multiple stress.\u2019) <\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Universal 1032: Original Morphemically simple phonological words never have more than one main stress. Standardized Morphemically simple phonological words never have more than one main&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/1036\/\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Universal 1032:<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[346],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-universals-archive","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1036","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1036"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1036\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}