{"id":1457,"date":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/1457\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal 1453:"},"content":{"rendered":"

Universal 1453: <\/h3>\n
\n
Original<\/dt>\n
In an overwhelming majority of languages, if the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular (and consequently, the metaperson ‘hearer(s) + non-participant'(s); see <\/a>) are not the only meanings of a certain pronominal form, then the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the singular is also among its meanings.<\/dd>\n
Standardized<\/dt>\n
IF the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular (and consequently, the metaperson ‘hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’) are not the only meanings of a pronominal form, THEN the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the singular is also among its meanings.<\/dd>\n
Keywords<\/dt>\n
personal pronoun, person, 2nd, hearer, number, singular, non-singular, non-participant<\/dd>\n
Domain<\/dt>\n
inflection, syntax, lexicon<\/dd>\n
Type<\/dt>\n
implication<\/dd>\n
Status<\/dt>\n
achronic<\/dd>\n
Quality<\/dt>\n
statistical<\/dd>\n
Basis<\/dt>\n
400 world-wide distributed languages, see Sokolovskaja 1980<\/a>: 98-99; Sokolovskaja surveyed systems of independent personal pronouns only. <\/dd>\n
Source<\/dt>\n
Sokolovskaja 1980<\/a>: 92, U 15<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
\n
Counterexamples<\/dt>\n
Haitian (Creole, French-based), Navajo (Athabaskan) (Sokolovskaja 1980)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Universal 1453: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages, if the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular (and consequently, the metaperson ‘hearer(s) + non-participant'(s); see )…<\/p>\n

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