{"id":1605,"date":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/1605\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal 1601: Vowels > Semivowels > Liquids > Fricatives > Obstruent Stops<br>"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Universal 1601: Vowels > Semivowels > Liquids > Fricatives > Obstruent Stops<br \/><\/h3>\n<dl>\n<dt>Original<\/dt>\n<dd>Nasal harmony hierarchy:<\/p>\n<p>Vowels > Semivowels > Liquids > Fricatives > Obstruent Stops.<\/p>\n<p>This hierarchy reflects the relative compatibility of [+nasal] (i.e. nasality) with different groups of segments, such that compatibility decreases moving from left to right.<\/dd>\n<dt>Standardized<\/dt>\n<dd>IF the feature [nasal] is compatible with obstruent stops, THEN it is also compatible with fricatives;<br \/>IF the feature [nasal] is compatible with fricatives, THEN it is also compatible with liquids;<br \/>IF the feature [nasal] is compatible with liquids, THEN it is also compatible with semivowels;<br \/>IF the feature [nasal] is compatible with semivowels, THEN it is also compatible with vowels.<\/dd>\n<dt>Keywords<\/dt>\n<dd>nasal harmony, hierarchy<\/dd>\n<dt>Domain<\/dt>\n<dd>phonology<\/dd>\n<dt>Type<\/dt>\n<dd>implicational hierarchy<\/dd>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>achronic<\/dd>\n<dt>Quality<\/dt>\n<dd>absolute<\/dd>\n<dt>Basis<\/dt>\n<dd>more than 75 languages sample (clearly presented in <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/ref\/source_ref.php#Walker_1998\">Walker 1998<\/a>)<\/dd>\n<dt>Source<\/dt>\n<dd><a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Schourup_1972\">Schourup 1972<\/a>, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Pulleyblank_1989\">Pulleyblank 1989<\/a>, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Piggott_1992\">Piggott 1992<\/a>, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Cohn_1993a\">Cohn 1993a<\/a>, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Cohn_1993b\">Cohn 1993b<\/a>, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Padgett_1995\">Padgett 1995<\/a>, and <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Walker_1995\">Walker 1995<\/a>, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Walker_1998\">Walker 1998<\/a> as summarized in <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Walker_1999\">Walker &#038; Pullum 1999<\/a><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl>\n<dt>Counterexamples<\/dt>\n<dd>Southern and Northern Barasano, Cubeo, and Desano (Tucanoan); Guaran\u00ed (Tupi) (Piggott 1992).<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Universal 1601: Vowels > Semivowels > Liquids > Fricatives > Obstruent Stops Original Nasal harmony hierarchy: Vowels > Semivowels > Liquids > Fricatives > Obstruent&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/1605\/\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Universal 1601: Vowels &gt; Semivowels &gt; Liquids &gt; Fricatives &gt; Obstruent Stops&lt;br&gt;<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[346],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-universals-archive","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1605"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1605\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}