{"id":1633,"date":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/1633\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal 1628:"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Universal 1628: <\/h3>\n<dl>\n<dt>Original<\/dt>\n<dd>If the language has the basic order \u201ctopic-before-focus\u201d, then the secondary topic would precede the focus. <br \/>Correspondingly, in languages where subject precedes object, causee, recipient, and benefactive precede the patient in double object constructions. <\/dd>\n<dt>Standardized<\/dt>\n<dd>IF basic order is Topic-before-Focus, THEN the secondary topic precedes the focus. <\/p>\n<p>Correspondingly:<br \/>IF subject precedes object in a basic word order, THEN causee, recipient, and benefactive [being secondary topics] precede the patient in double object constructions. <\/dd>\n<dt>Keywords<\/dt>\n<dd>order, SOV, SVO, VSO, topic, focus, secondary topic, double object, causee, recipient, benefactive, patient<\/dd>\n<dt>Domain<\/dt>\n<dd>syntax<\/dd>\n<dt>Type<\/dt>\n<dd>implication<\/dd>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>achronic<\/dd>\n<dt>Quality<\/dt>\n<dd>absolute<\/dd>\n<dt>Basis<\/dt>\n<dd>Object before Subject languages: VOS: Tzotzil (Mayan), Malagasy (Malayo-Polynesian), OVS: Hixkaryana (Carib), Pari (Nilotic, Nilo-Saharan), OSV: Hurrian (isolate), Kabardian (North Caucasian); Subject before Object languages: SOV: Tamil (Dravidian), Korean (Altaic), SVO: Kinyarwanda (Bantu, Niger-Congo), Dutch [in the main clause](Germanic, IE), VSO: Biblical Hebrew (Semitic, Afro-Asiatic)<\/dd>\n<dt>Source<\/dt>\n<dd><a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Polinsky_1995\">Polinsky 1995<\/a>: 190<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl>\n<dt>Counterexamples<\/dt>\n<dd><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Universal 1628: Original If the language has the basic order \u201ctopic-before-focus\u201d, then the secondary topic would precede the focus. Correspondingly, in languages where subject precedes&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/1633\/\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Universal 1628:<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[346],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-universals-archive","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1633"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1633\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}