{"id":566,"date":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/566\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal 564: Du (noun) &rArr; Du (pronoun)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Universal 564: Du (noun) &rArr; Du (pronoun)<\/h3>\n<dl>\n<dt>Original<\/dt>\n<dd>If the Dual extends to nouns, it also extends to pronouns.<\/dd>\n<dt>Standardized<\/dt>\n<dd>IF the dual extends to nouns, THEN it also extends to pronouns.<\/dd>\n<dt>Keywords<\/dt>\n<dd>number, dual, noun, pronoun<\/dd>\n<dt>Domain<\/dt>\n<dd>inflection<\/dd>\n<dt>Type<\/dt>\n<dd>implication<\/dd>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>diachronic<\/dd>\n<dt>Quality<\/dt>\n<dd>absolute<\/dd>\n<dt>Basis<\/dt>\n<dd>unspecified<\/dd>\n<dt>Source<\/dt>\n<dd><a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Cuny_1906\">Cuny 1906<\/a>: 2, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Gray_1939\">Gray 1939<\/a>: 181, <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Jensen_1952\">Jensen 1952<\/a>: 9<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl>\n<dt>Counterexamples<\/dt>\n<dd>1. Some Semitic languages (Afro-Asiatic), Irish, possibly early Polish and other early Slavonic (all Indo-European) (Plank 1989: 297)2. Hopi (Uto-Aztecan) is mentioned in Plank 1989: 297-8 as a counterexample. The direct way of dual marking in nouns (with a suffix), however, is complemented by an indirect way of dual marking with pronouns: it is the combination of plural pronominal subject and singular verb which conveys dual meaning. <WS>3. \u00d6nge (Andamanese). <WS>4. The nouns of Paez (Paezan-Barbacoan) have a special \u201cdual\u201d form not paralleled in pronouns, but it is restricted to the \u201celliptic\u201d reading, i.e., it is a duo-associative (dual form means, e.g., \u201cfather and son\u201d but not \u201ctwo fathers\u201d) (Slocum 1986). <WS>5. Awa and Gadsup (East New Guinea Highlands) (McKaughan (ed.) 1973) have a dual in nouns but apparently not in independent pronouns. There is, however, dual marking in the verbal cross-referencing system.<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Universal 564: Du (noun) &rArr; Du (pronoun) Original If the Dual extends to nouns, it also extends to pronouns. Standardized IF the dual extends to&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/566\/\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Universal 564: Du (noun) &rArr; Du (pronoun)<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[346],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-universals-archive","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=566"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}