{"id":716,"date":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/716\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal 713: grammatical opposition (Du) &#8658; grammatical opposition (Pl)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Universal 713: grammatical opposition (Du) &#8658; grammatical opposition (Pl) <\/h3>\n<dl>\n<dt>Original<\/dt>\n<dd>If there is any grammatical opposition in the forms of Dual, then there is the same opposition in the forms of Plural.<\/dd>\n<dt>Standardized<\/dt>\n<dd>IF any further grammatical oppositions are expressed in forms marked for dual number, THEN the same oppositions will also be expressed in forms marked for plural number. <\/dd>\n<dt>Keywords<\/dt>\n<dd>number, dual, plural, inclusive, exclusive, gender, case<\/dd>\n<dt>Domain<\/dt>\n<dd>inflection<\/dd>\n<dt>Type<\/dt>\n<dd>implication<\/dd>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>achronic but presumably diachronically motivated<\/dd>\n<dt>Quality<\/dt>\n<dd>absolute<\/dd>\n<dt>Basis<\/dt>\n<dd>unspecified<\/dd>\n<dt>Source<\/dt>\n<dd><a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Uspensky_1968\">Uspensky 1968<\/a>: 9 [1972: 61]<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl>\n<dt>Counterexamples<\/dt>\n<dd>1. Inclusive\/exclusive opposition in Dual but not in Plural:Coos (Coosan), Lhota (Baric, Sino-Tibetan) (Sokolovskaja 1980: 98);Nomad (Trans-New Guinea) (Voorhoeve 1975: 392, Franklin 1973); T\u00fcbatulabal (Uto-Aztecan) (Voegelin 1935: 135, but see also the caveat in Counterexamples to #578); Wik-Munkan (Pama-Nyungan) (Godfrey 1964: 76). Possibly Guat\u00f3 (Macro-Ge) (Pimentel Pal\u00e1cio 1986) <WS>2. Gender distinction in Dual but not in Plural:In Rotokas (W. Bougainville, East Papuan) (Firchow, Firchow, &#038; Akoitai 1973) 2nd person possessive pronouns, and both 2nd and 3rd person subject markers in verbs distinguish masculine and feminine forms in the dual but not in their plural counterparts. Other persons and other kinds of pronoun, however, have the same gender contrasts in both numbers. <WS><\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Universal 713: grammatical opposition (Du) &#8658; grammatical opposition (Pl) Original If there is any grammatical opposition in the forms of Dual, then there is the&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/716\/\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Universal 713: grammatical opposition (Du) &#8658; grammatical opposition (Pl)<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[346],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-universals-archive","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/716","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=716"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/716\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}