{"id":940,"date":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-05-01T18:49:39","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"-0001-11-30T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"-0001-11-29T22:00:00","slug":"","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/940\/","title":{"rendered":"Universal 937:"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Universal 937: <\/h3>\n<dl>\n<dt>Original<\/dt>\n<dd>No language has nasal vowels unless it also has one or more primary nasal consonants.<\/dd>\n<dt>Standardized<\/dt>\n<dd>IF there are nasal vowels, THEN there is at least one primary nasal consonant.<\/dd>\n<dt>Keywords<\/dt>\n<dd>consonant, nasal, vowel <\/dd>\n<dt>Domain<\/dt>\n<dd>phonology<\/dd>\n<dt>Type<\/dt>\n<dd>implication<\/dd>\n<dt>Status<\/dt>\n<dd>achronic<\/dd>\n<dt>Quality<\/dt>\n<dd>absolute<\/dd>\n<dt>Basis<\/dt>\n<dd>languages in <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/ref\/source_ref.php#Ferguson_1963\">Ferguson 1963<\/a><\/dd>\n<dt>Source<\/dt>\n<dd><a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Ferguson_1963\">Ferguson 1963<\/a>: 58 (X), <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Jakobson_1963\">Jakobson 1963<\/a>: 265, cited in <a class=\"reference\" href=\"..\/references#Uspensky_1965\">Uspensky 1965<\/a>: 193<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl>\n<dt>Counterexamples<\/dt>\n<dd>317-languages sample (UPSID; Maddieson 1984): 97% of the languages are found to have simple nasal consonants; 22,4% of the languages are found to have nasalized vowels: less than 1% of the languages are found to have nasalized continuant consonants (fricatives, liquids and glides). Thus, if nasalized continuants are much rarer than nasalized vowels, the claim of Ferguson should be rejected (Cohn 1993a: 330-331).<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Universal 937: Original No language has nasal vowels unless it also has one or more primary nasal consonants. Standardized IF there are nasal vowels, THEN&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/universals-archive\/940\/\">Read more<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Universal 937:<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[346],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-940","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-universals-archive","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/940","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=940"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/940\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=940"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=940"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/typo.uni-konstanz.de\/rara\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=940"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}