In all languages, if the metaperson ‘speaker + non-participant(s)’ is not the only meaning of some form, then this form must also denote the metapersons ‘speaker’ and/or ‘speaker + hearer(s)’ (and consequently, ‘speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’).
Standardized
IF the metaperson ‘speaker + non-participant(s)’ is not the only meaning of a form, THEN this form must also denote the metapersons ‘speaker’ and/or ‘speaker + hearer(s)’ (and consequently, ‘speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’).
Keywords
personal pronoun, person, 1st, speaker, hearer, non-participant
Domain
inflection, syntax, lexicon
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
statistical (according to author absolute)
Basis
400 world-wide distributed languages, see Sokolovskaja 1980: 98-99; Sokolovskaja surveyed systems of independent personal pronouns only.
1. Sokolovskaja recognizes the following metapersons:’speaker’, ‘hearer’, ‘non-participant’, ‘speaker + hearer(s)’, ‘speaker + non-participant(s)’, ‘hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’, and ‘speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s). 2. Cf. ##1464, 1468.