In an overwhelming majority of languages, if some form denotes the metaperson ‘speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’, then it denotes also the metaperson ‘speaker + hearer(s)’.
Standardized
IF a form denotes the metaperson ‘speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’, THEN it denotes also the metaperson ‘speaker + hearer(s)’.
Keywords
personal pronoun, person, 1st, 2nd, speaker, hearer, non-participant
Domain
inflection, syntax, lexicon
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
statistical
Basis
400 world-wide distributed languages, see Sokolovskaja 1980: 98-99; Sokolovskaja surveyed systems of independent personal pronouns only.
1. Sokolovskaja recognizes the following metapersons:’speaker’, ‘hearer’, ‘non-participant’, ‘speaker + hearer(s)’, ‘speaker + non-participant(s)’, ‘hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’, and ‘speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s).2. Cf. #1476.