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Universal 152: noun-like inflection and syntax (lower numerals) ⇒ noun-like inflection and syntax (higher numerals);
adjectival inflection and syntax (higher numerals) ⇒ adjectival inflection and syntax (lower numerals)

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 152: noun-like inflection and syntax (lower numerals) ⇒ noun-like inflection and syntax (higher numerals);
adjectival inflection and syntax (higher numerals) ⇒ adjectival inflection and syntax (lower numerals)

Original
The syntactic behaviour of simple cardinal numerals will always fall between that of adjectives and nouns.
If the simple cardinal numerals of a given language vary in their syntactic behaviour, the numerals showing nounier behaviour will denote higher numerals than those with less nouny behaviour.
Standardized
IF lower simple cardinal numerals have noun-like inflection and syntax, THEN so do higher numerals.
IF higher simple cardinal numerals have adjectival inflection and syntax, THEN so do lower numerals.
Keywords
word class, numeral, noun, adjective
Domain
inflection, syntax
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
absolute
Basis
60 languages in Corbett 1978
Source
Corbett 1978: 69, Corbett 1991
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    1. Corbett 1978: 70: The crucial case would be a language with simple cardinals, the lower of which showed a clear feature of noun-like behavior and the higher a feature of adjectival behavior. 2. Corbett 1978: 73: “Greenberg states (1972: 6): ‘It is particularly common for classifiers not to occur with higher units of the numerical system and their multiples, e.g. 10, 20, 60, 100, 300.’ This is precisely what we would predict: the higher the numeral, the more noun-like it will be and therefore the less need it will have of a noun-like prop to maintain the parallelism with other quantified expressions.”3. Cf. also #1365.4. If higher numerals are noun-like, this may of course be due to their being, or deriving from, nouns. Which gives the universal a diachronic dimension.

    1. May 2020

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