Skip to content

Universal 1916:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1916:

Original
It seems likely that no polysynthetic language has, within its system of pronominal affixes, a set of contrasts large enough to make all the distinctions in definiteness, indefiniteness, genericity and referentiality which can be made, in free nominal expressions, by various combinations of
articles, demonstratives, free pronouns, and adjectives representing discourse status. […] I know of no [polysynthetic] language able to convey more than two values on this semantic dimension by its agreement morphology alone.
Standardized
IF there is polysynthesis, THEN no more than a two-way contrast in definiteness, indefiniteness, genericity, and referentiality is conveyed by the bound pronominal affixes of agreement morphology alone.
Keywords
polysynthesis, pronoun, agreement, definite, indefinite, generic, referential
Domain
inflection, syntax, semantics
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
statistical
Basis
polysynthetic languages covered in Evans & Sasse (eds.) 2002
Source
Evans 2002: 47
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    […] in general, polysynthetic languages use argument [af]fixes for a wider range of situations than warrant the use of free [personal, definite] pronouns, but that as one moves from definites to indefinites towards non-referential objects every polysynthetic language will draw the line at some point and use an alternative strategy, such as intransitivization. Once we have better data from a range of polysyntheticlanguages it will be interesting to see whether these cut-offs can be arranged in an implicational hierarchy. (Evans 2002)

    1. May 2020

Comments are closed.