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Universal 1932: indefinite other than negative indefinite is borrowed ⇒ negative indefinite is borrowed

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 1932: indefinite other than negative indefinite is borrowed ⇒ negative indefinite is borrowed

Original
If there is a word-form loan of other than negative indefinite (excluding determiners), then it is likely that there will be a word-form loan of a negative indefinite of the same ontological category, too.
Standardized
IF there is a word-form borrowing of other than negative indefinite (excluding determiners), THEN it is likely that there will be a word-form borrowing of a negative indefinite of the same ontological category, too.
Keywords
borrowing, indefinite pronoun, negative indefinite
Domain
lexicon, morphology
Type
implication
Status
diachronic
Quality
statistical
Basis
mainly based on survey of Romani dialects (Indo-Aryan, IE), but also Aromunian (E. Romance, IE), Chamorro (W. Malayo-Polynesian), Saami (Finno-Ugric, Uralic), Swahili (Benue-Congo, Niger-Congo), Spanish (Romance, IE), Persian (Iranian, IE), Turkic languages, Dardic languages, Albanian (Albanian, IE), Kormakita Arabic (Semitic, Afro-Asiatic) and others
Source
Elšík 2001: 139
Counterexamples
Romani of Ajia Varvara (Greece): personal non-negative indefinite ‘kapjos’ (=someone) is a word-form loan from Greek (used alongside indigenous ‘kaj dÏeno’ (=someone)), but the personal negative indefinite ‘khonik (+ NEG)’ (=no-one) is indigenous (Elsík 2001: 134, 143)

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    Indefinite pronouns usually occur in series which have one member for each of the major ONTOLOGICAL CATEGORIES such as person, thing, property, place, manner, amount, plus a few others. Cf. English SOME-series, person: SOMEBODY, thing: SOMETHING, place: SOMEWHERE, time: SOMETIME, manner: SOMEHOW, determiner: SOME. (Haspelmath 1997).The terminology used by Elsík partly differs from Haspelmath’s: Elsík’s ‘personal’ = Haspelmath’s ‘person’, Elsík’s ‘impersonal’ = Haspelmath’s ‘thing’, Elsík’s ‘local’ = Haspelmath’s ‘place’, Elsík’s ‘temporal’ = Haspelmath’s ‘time’.

    1. May 2020

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