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Universal 272: person V number (non-indicative mood) ⇒ person V number (indicative mood)

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 272: person V number (non-indicative mood) ⇒ person V number (indicative mood)

Original
If there is a certain person or number distinction in the forms of a non-indicative mood, there will be the same distinction in indicative mood.
Standardized
IF there is any person or number distinction in the forms of a non-indicative mood, THEN there will be the same distinctions in the indicative mood.
Keywords
verb, person, number, mood, indicative, non-indicative
Domain
inflection
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
statistical
Basis
unspecified
Source
Uspensky 1968: 14 [Uspensky 1972: 68]; see Vardul’ 1969, referring to Uspensky
Counterexamples
Nivkh (isolate), Japanese (Japanese-Ryukyuan), Dogon (Gur, Niger-Congo) distinguish the category of person in the imperative mood, and do not do so in the indicative mood (V. S. Xrakovskij, personal communication)Additionally, Klamath (Klamath-Modoc (=Lutuamian)), Lezgian (East Caucasian), Mongolian (Altaic) make person-number distinction in imperative but not in indicative mood (Birjulin & Xrakovskij 1992: 31)

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    1. Xrakovskij & Volodin state this implication the other way round (#676): If there is person-number distinction in the forms of the indicative, the same distinction will be in the forms of the imperative.2. Cf. ##433, 434 for the distribution of voice, aspect, and tense distinctions between indicative and non-indicative moods.

    1. May 2020

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