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1. May 2020
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Universal 473: accusative/nominative (noun) ⇒ accusative/nominative (1 V 2 V 3 person pronoun)

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Universal 473: accusative/nominative (noun) ⇒ accusative/nominative (1 V 2 V 3 person pronoun)

Original
If in a language there is an opposition ”accusative/nominative” in the declension of nouns, then there is the same opposition in the declension of independent personal pronouns of the 1, 2, 3 person (at least one of them).
Standardized
IF there is an opposition accusative/nominative in the inflection of nouns, THEN there is the same opposition in the inflection of independent personal pronouns of 1st, 2nd, 3rd person (at least one of them).
Keywords
alignment, case, accusative, nominative, personal pronoun, person, 1, 2, 3, noun
Domain
inflection, syntax
Type
implication
Status
achronic
Quality
almost absolute
Basis
50 languages surveyed in Kozinsky 1980
Source
Kozinsky 1980: 55
Counterexamples
Nganasan (Samoyed, Uralic) (for details see Terescenko 1979) (mentioned in Kozinsky 1980)
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One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    1. This universal can be divided into two separate ones:a. If in a language there is an opposition “accusative/nominative” in the declension of inanimate nouns, animate nouns have the same opposition.b. If in a language there is an opposition “accusative/nominative” in the declension of animate nouns, personal pronouns have the same opposition.[Has the wrong universal been entered? Animacy isn’t mentioned at all. ]2. See a similar statement by Silverstein (#217).

    1. May 2020

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