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Universal 54:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 54:

Original
If in the NP-internal distribution of case a lexically assigned case competes with a structurally or otherwise assigned case, lexical case takes precedence over all other types of case assignment, while structural case does not take precedence over any other type of case; that is, such agreement conflicts are resolved in terms of the case hierarchy, lexical case > … > structural case (in particular nominative/accusative).
Standardized
If in the NP-internal distribution of case a lexically assigned case competes with a structurally or otherwise assigned case, lexical case takes precedence over all other types of case assignment, while structural case does not take precedence over any other type of case; that is, such agreement conflicts are resolved in terms of the case hierarchy, lexical case > … > structural case (in particular nominative/accusative).
Keywords
case, structural case, lexical case, case hierarchy, nominative, accusative, agreement
Domain
inflection, syntax
Type
implicational hierarchy
Status
achronic
Quality
absolute
Basis
?
Source
Babby 1988: 291, Plank 1991c: 539 (review)
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    Pertinent instances are quantified NPs in Russian where all relevant constituents are oblique if the NP is assigned an oblique, i.e., lexical, case such as instrumental, whereas nominative or accusative on a NP do not percolate down beyond numerals, which are able to impose a genitive on all elements they c-command (Plank 1991c).

    1. May 2020

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