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Universal 546:

Posted in Universals Archive

Universal 546:

Original
In languages in which the expression of plurality is facultative in the noun, the singular may be used with numerals designating numbers >1.
Standardized
IF plural marking on nouns is optional, THEN the singular may be used on nouns in construction with numerals higher than 1.
Keywords
noun, numeral
Domain
inflection, word formation
Type
no genuine implication; rather: provided that
Status
achronic
Quality
absolute
Basis
56 languages mentioned in Greenberg 1978a
Source
Greenberg 1978a: 282 (#40)
Counterexamples

One Comment

  1. FP
    FP

    Greenberg assumes that one of the characteristics of unmarked categories (in this case the singular) is that in many instances they stand for the category as a whole, and hence they may be used with the plural, while the marked category of the plural is restricted to actual plurality. Whenever this holds, the cardinal numbers >1 are included in the situations in which a singular form of the noun may, or usually must be used. See also #549.

    1. May 2020

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