Universal #1011

Legacy number: 1011

 Number  1007
 Original  Pidginization processes tend to replace fricatives other than s by stops.
 Standardized  Pidginization processes tend to replace fricatives other than s by stops.
 Keywords  spirantization, pidginization
 Domain  phonology
 Type  unconditional
 Status  diachronic
 Quality  statistical
 Basis  Greek, Spanish, Danish, English (all Indo-European), Aramaic, Arabic (both Semitic, Afro-Asiatic)
 Source  Ferguson 1978b: 437

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Discussion
Counterexamples
Notes
All of these hypothesized "universals" may be modified or overridden by conflicting processes, particularly those involving social factors, and some exceptions are unexplained. (Ferguson 1978b: 437)
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
All of these hypothesized "universals" may be modified or overridden by conflicting processes, particularly those involving social factors, and some exceptions are unexplained. (Ferguson 1978b: 437)