Universal #1474

Legacy number: 1474

 Number  1470
 Original  In all languages, if the metaperson 'hearer(s) + non-participant(s)' is not the only meaning denoted by some form, then this form must denote also metapersons 'hearer' in the non-singular (cf. universal <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1472"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">) and/or 'hearer' in the singular (cf. universal <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1457"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">).
 Standardized  IF the metaperson 'hearer(s) + non-participant(s)' is not the only meaning denoted by a form, THEN this form must denote also metapersons 'hearer' in the non-singular and/or 'hearer' in the singular .
 Keywords  personal pronoun, person, 2nd, hearer, non-participant, number, singular, non-singular
 Domain  inflection, syntax, lexicon
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  absolute
 Basis  400 world-wide distributed languages, see Sokolovskaja 1980: 98-99; Sokolovskaja surveyed systems of independent personal pronouns only.
 Source  Sokolovskaja 1980: 94, U 34

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Discussion
Notes
Sokolovskaja recognizes the following metapersons:'speaker', 'hearer', 'non-participant', 'speaker + hearer(s)', 'speaker + non-participant(s)', 'hearer(s) + non-participant(s)', and 'speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s).
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
Sokolovskaja recognizes the following metapersons: 'speaker', 'hearer', 'non-participant', 'speaker + hearer(s)', 'speaker + non-participant(s)', 'hearer(s) + non-participant(s)', and 'speaker + hearer(s) + non-participant(s).