Universal #1494

Legacy number: 1494

 Number  1490
 Original  Objects that qualify as generic, non-referential, indefinite, inanimate/non-human, semantically dependent, pragmatically non-prominent tend to be incorporated.
Objects that qualify as specific, referential, definite, animate/human, semantically independent, pragmatically prominent tend to be autonomous.
 Standardized  When there is a choice between independence from and incorporation into the verb, objects tend to be incorporated when they are generic, non-referential, indefinite, inanimate/non-human, semantically dependent, pragmatically non-prominent, and to be independent when they are specific, referential, definite, animate/human, semantically independent, pragmatically prominent.
 Keywords  incorporation, object, definiteness, specific reference, animacy, human,
 Domain  inflection, syntax, semantics
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  statistical
 Basis  American languages surveyed by Sapir 1911, Eastern Cushitic languages surveyed by Sasse 1984
 Source  Sapir 1911: 259, 264; Hagège 1978: 60; Sasse 1984: 261

← Back to Universals Archive

Discussion
Notes
Proper nouns do not incorporate. The incorporated noun cannot pluralize, take adjectives, determiners, etc.
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
Proper nouns do not incorporate. The incorporated noun cannot pluralize, take adjectives, determiners, etc.