Universal #1497
Legacy number: 1497
| Number | 1493 |
| Original | Incorporated nouns attach to the left of the verb stem in not-verb-initial languages. |
| Standardized | IF basic word order is not-verb-initial (i.e. verb-medial or verb-final), THEN nouns attach to the left of the verb stem when incorporated. |
| Keywords | incorporation, order, verb-medial, verb-final |
| Domain | morphology, syntax |
| Type | implication |
| Status | achronic |
| Quality | absolute |
| Basis | languages with object-incorporation, including Chukchi (Chukchi-Kamchatkan), Yana (Hokan), Kitonemuk (Uto-Aztecan), Gunbalang (Gunwingguan, Australian), Onondaga (Iroquoian), Aztec (Uto-Aztecan), Tongan, Fijian (both Oceanic, Eastern Malayo-Polynesian), Malagasy (Barito, Western Malayo-Polynesian), Turkish (Altaic), and others |
| Source | Mardirussian 1975: 386 |
Discussion
Counterexamples
Possible exception: Sora: (Munda), which is not verb-initial and the noun attaches to the right (Mardirussian 1975: 386).
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