Universal #152

Legacy number: 152

 Number  152
 Original  The syntactic behaviour of simple cardinal numerals will always fall between that of adjectives and nouns.
If the simple cardinal numerals of a given language vary in their syntactic behaviour, the numerals showing nounier behaviour will denote higher numerals than those with less nouny behaviour.
 Standardized  IF lower simple cardinal numerals have noun-like inflection and syntax, THEN so do higher numerals.
IF higher simple cardinal numerals have adjectival inflection and syntax, THEN so do lower numerals.
 Formula  noun-like inflection and syntax (lower numerals) ⇒ noun-like inflection and syntax (higher numerals);
adjectival inflection and syntax (higher numerals) ⇒ adjectival inflection and syntax (lower numerals)
 Keywords  word class, numeral, noun, adjective
 Domain  inflection, syntax
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  absolute
 Basis  60 languages in Corbett 1978
 Source  Corbett 1978: 69, Corbett 1991

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Discussion
Counterexamples
Notes
1. Corbett 1978: 70: The crucial case would be a language with simple cardinals, the lower of which showed a clear feature of noun-like behavior and the higher a feature of adjectival behavior. 2. Corbett 1978: 73: “Greenberg states (1972: 6): 'It is particularly common for classifiers not to occur with higher units of the numerical system and their multiples, e.g. 10, 20, 60, 100, 300.' This is precisely what we would predict: the higher the numeral, the more noun-like it will be and therefore the less need it will have of a noun-like prop to maintain the parallelism with other quantified expressions.”3. Cf. also #1365.4. If higher numerals are noun-like, this may of course be due to their being, or deriving from, nouns. Which gives the universal a diachronic dimension.
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
1. Corbett 1978: 70: The crucial case would be a language with simple cardinals, the lower of which showed a clear feature of noun-like behavior and the higher a feature of adjectival behavior.

2. Corbett 1978: 73: "Greenberg states ( Grennberg 1972: 6): 'It is particularly common for classifiers not to occur with higher units of the numerical system and their multiples, e.g. 10, 20, 60, 100, 300.' This is precisely what we would predict: the higher the numeral, the more noun-like it will be and therefore the less need it will have of a noun-like prop to maintain the parallelism with other quantified expressions."

3. Cf. also <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1365"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">.

4. If higher numerals are noun-like, this may of course be due to their being, or deriving from, nouns. Which gives the universal a diachronic dimension.