Universal #1599
Legacy number: 1599
| Number | 1595 |
| Original | If some element is a member of the set AUX*, there is reasonable likehood that it will be bound to some adjacent element. |
| Standardized | IF an element has auxiliary function, THEN it will be bound. |
| Keywords | AUX, boundness |
| Domain | inflection, syntax |
| Type | no genuine implication; rather: provided that |
| Status | achronic |
| Quality | statistical |
| Basis | Luiseño (Uto-Aztecan), Lummi (Salish), Egyptian Arabic (Semitic, Afro-Asiatic), and Japanese (Japanese-Ryukyuan) |
| Source | Steele, Akmajian, Demers, Jelinek, Kitagawa, Oehrle, & Wasow 1981: 143, 155 |
Discussion
Notes
Definition of the set AUX* in language-independent terms:1. AUX is a syntactic constituent; 2. AUX contains a specified, i.e. fixed and small, class of elements; 3. These elements occur in a fixed order; 4. AUX must include elements marking tense and/or modality; 5. It may include, as well, elements indicating subject marking, subject agreement, question, evidential, emphasis, aspect, object marking, object agreement, and negation; 6. Insofar as these notional types can be identified across languages, their relative order does not follow from any general principle(s). (Steele et al. 1981:155-156)Presumably "bound" here is meant to subsume "affixed" and "cliticized".
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1. AUX is a syntactic constituent;
2. AUX contains a specified, i.e. fixed and small, class of elements;
3. These elements occur in a fixed order;
4. AUX must include elements marking tense and/or modality;
5. It may include, as well, elements indicating subject marking, subject agreement, question, evidential, emphasis, aspect, object marking, object agreement, and negation;
6. Insofar as these notional types can be identified across languages, their relative order does not follow from any general principle(s). (Steele et al. 1981: 155-156) Presumably "bound" here is meant to subsume "affixed" and "cliticized".