Universal #1599

Legacy number: 1599

 Number  1595
 Original  If some element is a member of the set AUX*, there is reasonable likehood that it will be bound to some adjacent element.
 Standardized  IF an element has auxiliary function, THEN it will be bound.
 Keywords  AUX, boundness
 Domain  inflection, syntax
 Type  no genuine implication; rather: provided that
 Status  achronic
 Quality  statistical
 Basis  Luiseño (Uto-Aztecan), Lummi (Salish), Egyptian Arabic (Semitic, Afro-Asiatic), and Japanese (Japanese-Ryukyuan)
 Source  Steele, Akmajian, Demers, Jelinek, Kitagawa, Oehrle, & Wasow 1981: 143, 155

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Discussion
Notes
Definition of the set AUX* in language-independent terms:1. AUX is a syntactic constituent; 2. AUX contains a specified, i.e. fixed and small, class of elements; 3. These elements occur in a fixed order; 4. AUX must include elements marking tense and/or modality; 5. It may include, as well, elements indicating subject marking, subject agreement, question, evidential, emphasis, aspect, object marking, object agreement, and negation; 6. Insofar as these notional types can be identified across languages, their relative order does not follow from any general principle(s). (Steele et al. 1981:155-156)Presumably "bound" here is meant to subsume "affixed" and "cliticized".
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
Definition of the set AUX* in language-independent terms:
1. AUX is a syntactic constituent;
2. AUX contains a specified, i.e. fixed and small, class of elements;
3. These elements occur in a fixed order;
4. AUX must include elements marking tense and/or modality;
5. It may include, as well, elements indicating subject marking, subject agreement, question, evidential, emphasis, aspect, object marking, object agreement, and negation;
6. Insofar as these notional types can be identified across languages, their relative order does not follow from any general principle(s). (Steele et al. 1981: 155-156) Presumably "bound" here is meant to subsume "affixed" and "cliticized".