Universal #1910
Legacy number: 1910
| Number | 1905 |
| Original | Languages with syntactic relations usually use diathesis changes (voices) that promote and /or demote NPs in the clause, while languages without syntactic relations lack this property; the only change they typically allow is to decrease and/or increase core actancy resulting in intransitivisation or transitivisation of the verb. |
| Standardized | IF there are syntactic relations, THEN there are diathesis changes (voices). IF there are no syntactic relations, THEN there are no voices. |
| Keywords | syntactic relation, voice, diathesis |
| Domain | inflection, syntax |
| Type | implication |
| Status | achronic |
| Quality | statistical |
| Basis | languages mentioned in Kibrik 1997, including NE Caucasian, e.g. Archi, Tsakhur (both Lezgic), Chamalal (Andic), Dargwa (Dargwa-Lakic); Western Malayo-Polynesian, e.g. Acehnese, Riau Indonesian, Tagalog, Kapampangan; Navajo (Athabaskan), Lisu (Tibeto-Burman), Yimas (Sepik, Papuan), Yukaghir (isolate), Dyirbal (Pama-Nyungan), Jacaltec (Mayan), Lakhota (Siouan), Enga (Trans-New Guinea), Russian (Slavic, IE) and others |
| Source | Kibrik 1997: 335 |
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