Universal #198

Legacy number: 198

 Number  198
 Original  No set of case marking elements both precede the head noun and are inseparable from it.
 Standardized  IF a relational marker (case, adposition) precedes the head noun, THEN it will not be inseparable from it.
IF a relational marker (case, adposition) is inseparable from the head noun, THEN it will not precede it.
 Keywords  case, adposition, head noun
 Domain  inflection, syntax
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  absolute
 Basis  Russian (Slavic, IE), Evenki (Tungus), Japanese (Japanese-Ryukyuan), Tagalog (W. Malayo-Polynesian, Austronesian), Amharic (Semitic, Afro-Asiatic), Estonian, Karelian, Vepsian (all Finnic, Uralic)
 Source  Kilby 1981: 115 (B)

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Discussion
Notes
1. Kilby 1981: 121 combines this universal with #197: “Case marking elements which precede the noun phrase are always separable from the head noun, and never participate in agreement.”2. See Greenberg’s universals (here ##1, 4, 8 and 55) discussed in Kilby 1981: 128.
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
1. Kilby 1981: 121 combines this universal with <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=197"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">: "Case marking elements which precede the noun phrase are always separable from the head noun, and never participate in agreement."

2. See Greenberg's universals (here <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=3"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=2"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=8"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0"> and <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=55"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">) discussed in Kilby 1981: 128.