Universal #200

Legacy number: 200

 Number  200
 Original  No set of case marking elements both participate in agreement and are independent morphemes.
 Standardized  IF a relational marker (case, adposition) participates in agreement, THEN it will not be an independent morpheme.
IF a relational marker (case, adposition) is an independent morpheme, THEN it will not participate in agreement.
 Keywords  case, adposition, affix, agreement
 Domain  inflection, syntax
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  absolute
 Basis  Russian (Slavic, Indo-European), Evenki (Tungus), Japanese (Japanese-Ryukyuan), Tagalog (W. Malayo-Polynesian, Austronesian), Amharic (Semitic, Afro-Asiatic), Estonian, Karelian, Vepsian (all Finnic, Uralic)
 Source  Kilby 1981: 115 (D)

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Discussion
Counterexamples
"preposition-repetition" in Old and later non-literary Russian, Old Czech, Old Serbian, Lithuanian (Balto-Slavic, IE), postpositions not governing an affixal case in construction with demonstratives in Hungarian (Uralic) (Plank 1995: 63-64, 102, with references)
Notes
Kilby 1981: 118 refers to “efficiency” and “noun-identification” as the two main motivations for the incompatibility of separability and agreement.
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
Kilby 1981: 118 refers to "efficiency" and "noun-identification" as the two main motivations for the incompatibility of separability and agreement.