Universal #537

Legacy number: 537

 Number  535
 Original  If a number is expressed by subtraction as y - x, then every number z (z > y > n) is also expressed subtractively and with y as the minuend.
 Standardized  IF a number is expressed by subtraction as y-x, THEN every number z (z>y>n) is also expressed subtractively and with y as the minuend.
 Keywords  numeral
 Domain  word formation
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  statistical
 Basis  56 languages mentioned in Greenberg 1978a
 Source  Greenberg 1978a: 260 (#14)

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Discussion
Counterexamples
A “marginal exception” is Zapotec (Oto-Manguean), in which 55 is (60-5), but 56 is either (60-4), as predicted by generalization, or (60+1)-5, and correspondingly for 57, 75, 76, 95, and 96. A further exception is Montagnais (Athabaskan), in which 7 is expressed as either (10-3) or (8-1), although 9 is (10-1) and 8 is (4x2) (Greenberg 1978a: 260).
Notes
1. The subtrahend is the number subtracted, the minuend the number from which subtraction takes place, and the remainder is the result.2. For example, Latin 18 is ‘duodeviginti’, that is ‘two from twenty’. Here n = 18 and y = 20 and x = 2. The only number z smaller than y (20) and greater than n (18) is 19. Hence, 19 also will be expressed subtractively with 20 as the minuend, i.e. 20-1.
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
1. The SUBSTRAHEND is the number subtracted, the MINUEND the number from which subtraction takes place, and the REMAINDER is the result.

2. For example, Latin 18 is 'duodeviginti', that is "two from twenty". Here n = 18 and y = 20 and x = 2. The only number z smaller than y (20) and greater than n (18) is 19. Hence, 19 also will be expressed subtractively with 20 as the minuend, i.e. 20-1.