Universal #773

Legacy number: 773

 Number  770
 Original  The presence of a voiced primary fricative in a language is highly likely to imply the presence of its voiceless equivalent.
 Standardized  IF there is a voiced primary fricative, THEN there is also the corresponding unvoiced primary fricative.
 Formula  voiced primary fricative ⇒ unvoiced primary fricative
 Keywords  fricative, voice
 Domain  phonology
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  statistical
 Basis  317 language sample from Nartey 1979
 Source  Nartey 1979: 8, cited also in Lass 1984: 154

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Discussion
Counterexamples
Gadsup (Trans-New Guinea), Rotokas (East Papuan),Maung (Yiwaidjan, Australian), Tiwi (Tiwi, Australian) (Nartey 1979: 8)
Notes
Cf. Nartey’s less restrictive claim (#799): If there is a voiced obstruent, then most likely its voiceless cognate is present as well.
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
Cf. Nartey's less restrictive claim (<a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=799"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">): If there is a voiced obstruent, then most likely its voiceless cognate is present as well.