Universal #799

Legacy number: 799

 Number  796
 Original  The presence of a voiced obstruent in a given language is most likely to imply the presence of its voiceless cognate.
 Standardized  IF there is a voiced obstruent, THEN most likely its voiceless counterpart is present as well.
 Formula  voiced obstruent ⇒ unvoiced obstruent
 Keywords  consonant, obstruent, voice
 Domain  phonology
 Type  implication
 Status  achronic
 Quality  statistical
 Basis  317 language sample from Nartey 1979
 Source  Nartey 1979: 37

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Discussion
Counterexamples
Indo-European: Breton (Celtic), Norwegian (Germanic), Persian (Indo-Iranian); Amerind: Klamath (Klamath-Modoc), Tsimshian (Tsimshianic), Woodland Cree (Algonquian, Algic), Coast Wiyot (Ritwan, Algic);Kato, Mattole, Wailaki (all Athabaskan);Altaic: Mongolian (Mongolian), Turkish (Turkic);Papuan: Selepet, Gadsup (both Trans-New Guinea), Rotokas (E. Papuan);Australian: Muang (Yiwaidjan), Tiwi, Alawa (both Maran);Somali (Cushitic, Afro-Asiatic); Berta (E. Central Sudanic, Nilo-Saharan); Lak (East Caucasian), Tunica (isolate remotely related to Algonquian) (Nartey 1979: 37)
Notes
Cf. more restrictive claims ##187, 412, 773, 785, 798, 839, 921, 922, 935, 1344, 1807, 1809, 1829, 1843.
Comment
Frans Plank · 3 Aug 2006
Cf. more restrictive claims <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=187"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=412"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_idr=773"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=785"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=798"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=839"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=921"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=922"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=935"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1344"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1807"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1809"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1829"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">, <a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=1843"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">.