Universal #839
Legacy number: 839
| Number | 836 |
| Original | If there is a voiceless l, there will be a voiced l as well. |
| Standardized | IF there is a voiceless /l/, THEN there will be a voiced /l/. |
| Formula | Voiceless l ⇒ Voiced l |
| Keywords | consonant, voice, lateral, liquid |
| Domain | phonology |
| Type | implication |
| Status | achronic |
| Quality | statistical |
| Basis | languages in Sherzer 1976 |
| Source | Sherzer 1976: 179, Pericliev (i.p.) |
Discussion
Counterexamples
Nootka (Wakashan), Sandía and Isleta dialects of Tiwa (Tanoan), Tlingit (Athabascan-Eyak-Tlingit) (Sherzer 1976);Pipil (Teotepeque dialect)(Nahua, Aztec) (Campbell 1980); Campbell questions if this is a true counterexample due to the external fact the overgeneralization of devoicing /l/ in all environments (not just word-finally) is the result of imperfect language learning in the situation of language death.
Notes
1. In some languages, voiceless /l/ patterns with the voiceless fricatives, rather than with the laterals.2. Cf. Nartey’s less restrictive claim (#799): If there is a voiced obstruent, then most likely its voiceless cognate is present as well.
Log in to join the discussion.
2. Cf. Nartey's less restrictive claim (<a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=799"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">): If there is a voiced obstruent, then most likely its voiceless cognate is present as well.