Universal #92
Legacy number: 92
| Number | 92 |
| Original | Prepositional Noun Modifier Principle |
| Standardized | IF there are prepositions, THEN (IF nouns precede demonstratives or nouns precede numerals, THEN nouns precede adjectives) and (IF nouns precede adjectives THEN nouns precede genitives) and (IF nouns precede genitives THEN nouns precede relative clauses). |
| Formula | Prep ⇒ ((N Dem v N Num ⇒ N A) & (N A ⇒ N G) & (N G ⇒ N Rel)) |
| Keywords | order, preposition, noun, demonstrative, numeral, adjective, attributive, relative clause |
| Domain | syntax |
| Type | nested implication |
| Status | achronic |
| Quality | absolute |
| Basis | sample of 350 languages in Hawkins 1983 |
| Source | Hawkins 1979: 636, Hawkins 1983: 75 |
Discussion
Notes
1. Derived by collapsing ##69, 72, 74.2. Dryer 1988: 198, 200: “There is no clear evidence for the correlation between Adposition-Noun and Adjective-Noun order nor for the correlation between Genitive-Noun and Adjective-Noun order.”3. Including N Poss => N A (#101) yields: Prep => ((N Dem v N Num v N Poss => N A) & (N A => N G) & (N G => N Rel).4. Since the 1990s, Hawkins has proposed alternative explanations of his universals (see e.g. Hawkins 1993: 234).
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2. Dryer 1988: 198, 200: "There is no clear evidence for the correlation between Adposition-Noun and Adjective-Noun order nor for the correlation between Genitive-Noun and Adjective-Noun order."
3. Including N Poss ⇒ N A (<a class="innerLink" href="browse.php?entry_id=101"><img src="../img/entry.gif" border="0">) yields: Prep ⇒ ((N Dem v N Num v N Poss ⇒ N A) & (N A ⇒ N G) & (N G ⇒ N Rel).
4. Since the 1990s, Hawkins has proposed alternative explanations of his universals (see e.g. Hawkins 1993: 234).