Author: FP

Universal 1072: Original Where stress is demarcative (i.e., in languages with fixed stress), syllabification across word boundaries ought to be less likely than where stress…

Universal 1073: Original Syllabification across a word boundary may be less likely in a language with initial stress than in a language with final stress.…

Universal 1074: Original Languages with strong tonic accent … will have rhythmic groupings with the strong syllable leading; languages with accent based on duration ……

Universal 1075: Original If case, and especially genitive, is marked (enclitically) at the end of NPs, then word order is mainly SOV, NP Postposition, Genitive…

Universal 1076: Original Aspiration occurs most frequently after voiceless stops. Standardized Aspiration occurs most frequently after voiceless stops. Keywords aspiration, stop, voice Domain phonology Type…

Universal 1077: Original Apart from being much rarer than voiceless aspiration, these voiced stops with “murmured” aspiration generally only occur in a system also possessing…

Universal 1078: Original In languages with distinctive aspiration, when aspiration is phonemic, it is often more marked than when it is merely allophonic. Standardized In…

Universal 1079: Original Aspiration tends to be stronger in initial and/or pre-tonic position antevocalically. Standardized Aspiration tends to be stronger in initial and/or pre-tonic position…

Universal 1080: Original Duration of aspiration varies according to place of articulation: k > t > p. Standardized Duration of aspiration varies according to place…

Universal 1081: Original Where contrastive aspiration is neutralized before liquids and nasals, the occurring phone is not aspirated or if released not to the same…