Author: FP

Universal 1492: Original Incorporated nouns attach to the right of the verb stem in verb-initial languages. Standardized IF basic word order is verb-initial, THEN nouns…

Universal 1493: Original Incorporated nouns attach to the left of the verb stem in not-verb-initial languages. Standardized IF basic word order is not-verb-initial (i.e. verb-medial…

Universal 1494: non-configurational ⇒ agglutinative Original Non-configurational languages are agglutinative, but not vice versa. Standardized IF syntax is non-configurational, THEN morphology is agglutinative, but not…

Universal 1495: Original All languages label ‘eyes’, ‘nose’, and ‘mouth’. Standardized There are [basic?] terms for ‘eyes’, ‘nose’, and ‘mouth’. Keywords body part Domain lexicon…

Universal 1496: Original The upper limb, ‘arm’ (and ‘hand’) is named by a distinct term in all languages. Standardized The upper limb, ‘arm’ (and ‘hand’)…

Universal 1497: Original All languages name ‘(finger)nail’ and ‘(toe)nail’. Standardized All languages name ‘(finger)nail’ and ‘(toe)nail’. Keywords body part Domain lexicon Type unconditional Status achronic…

Universal 1498: Original A hierarchy of grammaticalization from verb to complementizer to adverbial conjunction.If a language uses the morpheme at a given level on the…

Universal 1499: Original Languages with serial verb constructions tend to have VO ordering with verb serialization andone object per verb (but some permit two objects);…

Universal 1500: Original Loan words maintain formal anomalies only of those types that are present in other peripheral classes of language. If an anomaly arises…

Universal 1501: Original If there are anomalous allophones of any phonemes in onomatopoetic and expressive forms of a language, then allophones of this type are…