Author: FP

Universal 1622: Original If a language has a distinct class of adjectives, then nouns are generally characterised by the feature [+ Shape]. Standardized IF there…

Universal 1623: Original There is some evidence that in numeral classifier languages when concrete objects are counted the numerals always occur with the appropriate classifiers.…

Universal 1624: Original In languages with double numeral systems, there is a correlative tendency of the A form to be syntactically dependent [i.e. this form…

Universal 1625: Original In languages with double numeral systems, the set of numerals labelled as A tends to be associated with singular(s) as the unmarked…

Universal 1626: Original There is no language where the double object causative would be the only possible causative construction. Standardized IF there is a double…

Universal 1627: Original If a language has the order VOS, OVS, OSV and has a double object construction, the patient in that clause should precede…

Universal 1628: Original If the language has the basic order “topic-before-focus”, then the secondary topic would precede the focus. Correspondingly, in languages where subject precedes…

Universal 1629: Original If the language has the basic order “focus-before-topic”, then the secondary topic would follow the focus. Correspondingly, in languages where object precedes…

Universal 1630: polysynthesis ⇒ ¬ NP reflexive Original All polysynthetic languages will lack overt NP anaphors, at least as objects. Standardized IF there is polysynthesis,…

Universal 1631: polysynthesis ⇒ ¬ true quantifiers Original Polysynthetic languages should not have non-referential quantified NPs – that is, NPs comparable to ‘everyone’, ‘everything’, ‘nobody’,…