Author: FP

Universal 1752: Original Provided cardinal and ordinal numerals are ordered differently relative to nouns, cardinals always precede nouns and ordinals always follow them. Standardized When…

Universal 1753: Original Whenever only one (cardinal or ordinal) numeral differs from all others in its ordering relative to the noun, it will be that…

Universal 1754: Original For all languages, if person and/or number is marked on non-finite forms, then it is also marked on finite forms. Standardized IF…

Universal 1755: Original For all languages, if the subject of a non-finite form is nominative, then the subject of (at least some) finite forms will…

Universal 1756: Original For all languages, if tense is marked on non-finite forms, then it is also marked on finite forms. Standardized IF tense is…

Universal 1757: Original SOV languages cannot borrow a set of prepositions. Standardized IF basic word order is SOV, THEN there are no prepositions owing to…

Universal 1758: Original I know of no cases where a complete indefinite pronoun has been borrowed. Standardized Complete indefinite pronouns cannot be borrowed. Keywords borrowing,…

Universal 1759: Original Vowels are shorter before voiceless obstruents than before voiced obstruents or sonorants. Standardized Vowels are shorter before voiceless obstruents than before voiced…

Universal 1760: ##_V ⇒ V_V, V#_V, V_#V ⇒ V_#C, V_##, V_C#(#), VC_## Original Environmental hierarchy of consonantal weakening: initial ⇒ > intervocalic ⇒ final. If…

Universal 1761: Original Hierarchy of major-class and manner features in the context of consonantal weakening: Ø < glides < liquids < nasals < +v fricatives…