Author: FP

Universal 1982: Original … from the fact that subordinate clauses precede, it might be predicted that quotations would precede the quoting verb. Also, from the…

Universal 1983: Original If an Ex or Cop is grammatically unique, i.e., lacks criterial features of any major word class in the language, it will…

Universal 1984: Original If Ex and Cop are lexically separate in the present tense, they tend to share a single past tense. Standardized IF the…

Universal 1985: Original The negative of past tense forms of Ex and/or Cop tends to be more regular in formation than the present-tense negative. Standardized…

Universal 1986: Original If Ex and Cop are lexically separate, and they are in a suppletive relation with verbs meaning ‘become’ and ‘stay’, then ‘become’…

Universal 1987: Original In an SOV language with Ex and Cop lexically separate, the Ex tends to be used as an auxiliary combining with the…

Universal 1988: Original Das substantiv gibt den namen, das adjectiv die beschaffenheit des gegenstandes an. sicher war auch jenes bei seinem ursprung von einer eigenschaft…

Universal 1989: Original simplification … in the typologically expected direction …In the process of category-collapsing, we normally expect as well as find the non-human or…

Universal 1990: Original In terms of the above tree model, we may say that gender systems have their genesis in the left branching of the…

Universal 1991: Original As a “natural” semantic shift alternative (a) [human vs. non-human > human male vs. other] is much less motivated than alternative (b)…