Author: FP

Universal 2020: Original All languages have words linking feelings with (i) the thought that “something bad can happen to me”, (ii) the thought that “I…

Universal 2021: Original (i) In all languages, people can describe cognitively based feelings via observable bodily “symptoms” (that is, via some bodily events regarded as…

Universal 2022: Original In all languages, there are alternative grammatical constructions for describing (and interpreting) cognitively based feelings, conceptualizing “emotions” as “involuntary” or as “uncontrollable”,…

Universal 2023: Original It also appears that the main universal mode for describing cognitively based feelings is in terms of a comparison, that is, via…

Universal 2024: Original [IF there is Scrambling, then basic order is SOV.] Standardized IF there is Scrambling, then basic order is SOV. Keywords order, SOV,…

Universal 2025: Original the presence of a word-initial geminate in a given language implies that medial geminates are also present in that language. Standardized IF…

Universal 2026: Original voiceless geminate stops should be preferred over voiced ones, due to aerodynamic concerns. Standardized IF there are voiced word-initial geminate stops, THEN…

Universal 2027: Original Measure the (sonorant) rime duration, and you’ll get the right contour tones in the right places: (a) by syllable type: CVV >>…

Universal 2028: Original Generally agreed upon “facts” about contour tones (marked = more complex, rarer): (a) contour tones are more marked than level tones;(b) rising…

Universal 2029: Original If there is only one liquid, there are no onset clusters. Standardized IF there is only one liquid, THEN there are no…