Author: FP

Universal 153: Original If, as a rule, nouns share inflectional properties with adjectives, they also share them with determiners. Standardized IF nouns share inflectional properties…

Universal 154: Original If the same adposition is used as a marker for both object and dative, including such non-prototypic datives as projected recipient, then…

Universal 155: Original Overt marking in the unitransitive clause implies overt dative marking. Any suspension of dative marking implies suspension of object marking; the restriction…

Universal 156: Original Overt object marking in the bitransitive clause other than marking identical to instrumental implies overt dative marking. Standardized IF overt marking of…

Universal 157: Original If an adposition occurs as both object marker and allative marker, it also occurs as dative marker. Standardized IF an adposition occurs…

Universal 158: Original If an adposition occurs as both dative marker and locative marker, it also occurs as allative marker. Standardized IF an adposition occurs…

Universal 159: Original If object and transitive-clause allative are marked identically, even non-adpositionally, then dative is also identically marked. Standardized IF object and transitive-clause allative…

Universal 160: Original If dative and transitive-clause locative are identically marked, even non-adpositionally, then dative* is also identically marked. Standardized IF dative and transitive-clause locative…

Universal 161: Original No language suspends overt marking of dative or spatial functions because the referent is non-specific or indefinite. Standardized Overt marking of dative…

Universal 176: N G ⇒ N Rel; equivalently: Rel N ⇒ G N Original If the genitive follows the noun, then the relative clause follows…