Author: FP

Universal 197: Original No set of case marking elements both precede the head noun and participate in agreement. Standardized IF a relational marker (case, adposition)…

Universal 198: Original No set of case marking elements both precede the head noun and are inseparable from it. Standardized IF a relational marker (case,…

Universal 199: Original No set of case marking elements both participate in agreement and are separable from the head noun. Standardized IF a relational marker…

Universal 200: Original No set of case marking elements both participate in agreement and are independent morphemes. Standardized IF a relational marker (case, adposition) participates…

Universal 201: Original No set of case marking elements are both independent morphemes and inseparable from the head noun. Standardized IF a relational marker (case,…

Universal 202: Original No set of case marking elements are both independent morphemes and express subject-object relations. Standardized IF a relational marker (case, adposition) is…

Universal 203: Original No set of case marking elements both participate in agreement and fail to express subject-object relations. Standardized IF a relational marker (case,…

Universal 204: Original No set of case marking elements are both independent morphemes and fail to express concrete relations. Standardized IF a relational marker (case,…

Universal 205: Original No set of case marking elements express neither subject-object nor concrete relations. Standardized IF a relational marker (case, adposition) does not express…

Universal 206: ergative alignment ⇒ case (Erg/Abs) & personal affix (Erg/Abs) Original The most important implications of ergativity are the following: the opposition of ergative…