Author: FP

Universal 239: free word order ⇒ declension for case, number, gender Original If constituent order is free, all potentially declinable kinds of nominal words in…

Universal 247: Acc ⇒ Gender Original The presence of the category of gender is connected with the development of the morphological opposition of nominative/accusative. In…

Universal 246: free order ⇒ longer words Original Words tend to be longer if constituent order is free than if it is rigid. Standardized IF…

Universal 245: free order ⇒ inflection (nominal); rigid order ⇒ ¬ inflection (nominal) Original If constituent order is free without limits, then nominal words are…

Universal 244: Original Inflectional systems either have all three of the following properties or none of them: (i) inflectional exponents are intimately joined to the…

Universal 243: Du (verb) ⇒ Du (noun) Original If verbs inflect for dual number, nouns inflect for dual number as well. Standardized IF verbs inflect…

Universal 242: inflectional expansion: Pl ⇒ Duinflectional reduction: Du ⇒ Pl Original During inflectional expansion, if there is a plural, there is also a dual.…

Universal 241: inflection ⇔ free order; ¬inflection ⇔ rigid order Original If there is segmental relation marking, word order is free, and vice versa.OR equivalently:If…

Universal 240: Erg ⇒ G N & N Adj Original If a language has ergative case marking, it will with far more than chance frequency…

Universal 228: case (noun) ⇒ inflection (verb) Original If nouns inflect for case, then verbs inflect for some inflectional category. Standardized IF nouns inflect for…