Author: FP

Universal 268: ¬suppletive Pl (pronoun) ⇒ (marker Pl(pronoun) = marker Pl(noun)) Original If there is non-suppletive formation of the plural by pronouns, then plural markers…

Universal 267: reduplication ⇒ it expresses ‘change of quantity or degree’ Original If in a language reduplication (full or partial) exists as a productive grammatical…

Universal 266: Original If a language has Person and Number inflection, then it also has Tense, Aspect and Mood inflection. Standardized IF there is Person…

Universal 265: Original Active languages are characterized by dividing nouns into active (“animate”) and inactive (“inanimate”) classes and by the corresponding principle of dividing verbs…

Universal 264: Original On the lexical level frequentalia of active languages are as follows: the inactive noun class is often subdivided into groups according to…

Universal 263: Original Among the morphological frequentalia of ergativity one may mention: the morphological category of words that are syntactically connected with nouns (verbs, adjectives,…

Universal 262: Original Among the lexical frequentalia of ergativity one can mention: Classes of possessive and affective verbs (verba habendi and verba sentiendi), forming special…

Universal 261: ergative language ⇒ ObjectSubject markers Original In ergative languages personal verb affixes are arranged such that the object marker almost always precedes the…

Universal 260: ergative language ⇒ prefix-suffixal personal conjugation Original In ergative languages personal conjugation is of prefixal or prefix-suffixal nature. Standardized IF alignment is predominantly…

Universal 244: Original Inflectional systems either have all three of the following properties or none of them: (i) inflectional exponents are intimately joined to the…