Author: FP

Universal 318: backness distinctions Š height distinctions Original The number of height distinctions in a system is typically equal or greater than the number of…

Universal 317: nominative/accusative (inanimate noun) ⇒ nominative/accusative (animate noun) Original If inanimate nominals have the opposition of the syntactic form of the nominative and the…

Universal 316: Original If the indefinite direct object is provided with a syntactic form of accusative*, then the definite direct object is provided with the…

Universal 315: Original If and only if a language has a syntactic form of the subjective*, it has a syntactic form of the accusative*. Standardized…

Universal 314: Original In the majority of languages the forms that function as direct objects may also function as adverbial modifiers, especially adverbial modifiers of…

Universal 313: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages all or almost all markers of the syntactic form of the indefinitive* are zero markers. Standardized…

Universal 312: Original If among syntactic functions of a form there is the subject of intransitive verb of action, then the subject of the intransitive…

Universal 311: Original If among the syntactic functions of the form there is the subject of intransitive verb of state, then the subject of intransitive…

Universal 310: Original If some nouns have a syntactic form of indefinitive*, then the citation form coincides exactly with this syntactic form. Standardized The citation…

Universal 309: Original In the overwhelming majority of languages the citation form belongs to the syntactical form of the nominative*. Standardized The citation form of…