Category: Universals Archive

Universal 323: Original If the verb agrees with subject and object and there are forms with the following arrangement of agreement affixes: s-o-V and o-V-s,…

Universal 339: Original If number is expressed in a prefixal part of a confix, then it is also expressed in its suffixal part. Standardized IF…

Universal 355: (o-V-s) & ¬(s-V-o) ⇒ dominant order is SOV Original In the languages where the verb agrees with subject and object, if there are…

Universal 371: VO ⇒ main stress in a Verb Phrase is to the right of Verb;OV ⇒ main stress in a Verb Phrase is to…

Universal 387: h V [ +high ] ⇒ h V [ +low ] Original /h/ occurs more frequently preceding a low vowel than a high…

Universal 403: Original If a construction involves a free and a bound constituent which convey the same meaning and one of them is optional, it…

Universal 419: verb agreement (indefinite constituent) ⇒ verb agreement (definite constituent) Original There is no language where, given a constituent class including both definite and…

Universal 435: head-marking ⇒ low complexity;dependent-marking ⇒ high complexity Original Head-marking is associated with low complexity, dependent marking with high complexity, where complexity is the…

Universal 451: 3 person (possessor) ⇒ 3 person (possessee) Original A possessor marked for 3rd person implies a possessee so marked in the same construction.…

Universal 467: (number marker (noun) = number marker (verb)) ⇒ (number marker (noun) = number marker (3 person verb)) Original If marking for nominal and…