Universal 1695: Original Universal Hierarchy of Consonantal Strength:voiceless plosives > voiced stops > voiceless fricatives > voiced fricatives > nasals > lateral liquids (l-sounds) >…
Universal 1695:
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Universal 1695: Original Universal Hierarchy of Consonantal Strength:voiceless plosives > voiced stops > voiceless fricatives > voiced fricatives > nasals > lateral liquids (l-sounds) >…
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Universal 1711: Original Lutz’s Law:Heterosyllabication of an internuclear cluster is the more preferred, the more attractive the rhyme of that syllable is which would remain…
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Universal 1727: Original In most languages the demonstrative pronoun and demonstrative adjective are identical. Standardized In most languages the demonstrative pronoun and demonstrative adjective are…
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Universal 1743: Original Only in languages that have no overt articles do non-specific direct objects fail to be accusative-marked (or, in general, fail to be…
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Universal 1759: Original Vowels are shorter before voiceless obstruents than before voiced obstruents or sonorants. Standardized Vowels are shorter before voiceless obstruents than before voiced…
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Universal 1775: Original See IPA. Standardized IF nasalized /i/ lowers to nasalized /e/, THEN nasalized /e/ also lowers to nasalized /a/. Keywords nasal, lowering, vowel…
Universal 1791: ’σσσ# ⇒ ’σσ# ⇒ ’σ# Original Nasalization will be phonologized first on oxytone vowels before nasals, subsequently on penultimate stressed vowels and then…
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Universal 1807: Original The presence of a voiceless dental-alveolar ejective stop [”t‘”] in a language implies the presence of a voiceless velar ejective stop [k‘].…
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Universal 1823: Original Standardized IF there is a labialized voiceless uvular ejective stop, THEN there is a voiceless uvular ejective stop. Keywords stop, uvular, ejective,…
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Universal 1839: Original Standardized IF there is a voiceless palatal nasal, THEN there is also a voiceless bilabial nasal. Keywords nasal, palatal, bilabial, voice Domain…