Universal 1850: Original Nonlaterals (trills or flaps) have the property of lowering a preceding vowel. Standardized Vowels tend to be lower preceding non-laterals (trills or…
Universal 1850:
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Das grammatische Raritätenkabinett & The Universals Archive
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Universal 1850: Original Nonlaterals (trills or flaps) have the property of lowering a preceding vowel. Standardized Vowels tend to be lower preceding non-laterals (trills or…
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Universal 1866: Original Every speech community seems to have a small lexicon of words used primarily with young children. The words of this special lexicon…
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Universal 1882: Original If there is a split between 1st versus 2nd/3rd person marking in modal categories, then it is more likely to occur in:(a)…
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Universal 1898: Original Processess of variation of the type of pronoun used in reference for showing degrees of respect or social distance are more common…
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Universal 1914: Original OV languages, on the whole, tend to have a marked accusative. Standardized IF basic order is OV, THEN the “promoted” direct object…
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Universal 1930: personal indefinite is borrowed ⇒ impersonal indefinite is borrowed Original If there is a word-form loan of a personal indefinite in a language,…
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Universal 1946: Original Plural markers tend to originate on personal nouns and to spread in both directions, to inanimate nouns, on the one hand, and…
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Universal 1962: Original Within lexical morphemes of the shape C1VC2V, the sonority of C1 tends to be less than that of C2, with C1 tending…
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Universal 1978: Original rigid type III (verb-final) …Conjunctive verb form. There is a frequently-used, non-final verb form, a “conjunctive”, with the semantic value ‘having done…
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Universal 996: Original [Unfortunately, or luckily,] all grammars leak. Standardized All grammars leak. Keywords analogy, iconicity, economy, plumbing Domain phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, etc. Type…