Universal 1371: Original In classifier languages without inflectional plurals neither counters nor measures ever take plural markers and, unlike typical noun class systems, the classifiers…
Universal 1371:
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Das grammatische Raritätenkabinett & The Universals Archive
Universals Archive
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Universal 1371: Original In classifier languages without inflectional plurals neither counters nor measures ever take plural markers and, unlike typical noun class systems, the classifiers…
Universal 1387: periphrastic past ⇒ periphrastic future Original Future tense markers may be less bound than present or past but never more so. Standardized IF…
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Universal 1403: Original In languages where transitive verbs have suffixes agreeing in definiteness or in person-gender-number with their direct objects, prepositions also have suffixes that…
Universal 1419: OV ⇒ Predicate Copula;VO ⇒ Copula Predicate Original The predicate precedes copula in OV languages and follows it in VO languages. Standardized IF…
Universal 1435: ¬ aspect ⇒ continuous tense Original There is a correlation between the development of continuous tenses and absence of aspect differentiation. Standardized IF…
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Universal 1451: Original In all languages, if there is a certain form to denote the metaperson ‘hearer’ in the non-singular, it cannot denote the metaperson…
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Universal 1467: Original In an overwhelming majority of languages, there is no special form to denote the metaperson ‘hearer(s) + non-participant(s)’. Standardized In an overwhelming…
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Universal 1483: Original If in a language there is a pronominal form denoting the dual of the metapersons ‘hearer’, ‘hearer + non-participant’ and/or ‘non-participant’, then…
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Universal 1499: Original Languages with serial verb constructions tend to have VO ordering with verb serialization andone object per verb (but some permit two objects);…
Universal 1515: OS & transitive verbs show agreement ⇒ s-V-o Original If transitive verbs in subject-final languages present agreement at all, then they have a…