Universal 164: Original No language signals completive or incompletive aspect by the form of its dative, allative, or locative marking. Standardized Overt marking of dative…
Universal 164:
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Universal 164: Original No language signals completive or incompletive aspect by the form of its dative, allative, or locative marking. Standardized Overt marking of dative…
Universal 180: case-marking (Subj &DO) ⇒ SOV Original Case-marking for subject vs. object correlates positively with SOV and negatively with SVO. Standardized IF there is…
Universal 196: OV ⇒ simple syllable structure Original OV languages tend to have simple syllable structure. Standardized IF basic order is OV, THEN syllable structure…
Universal 212: vocalic opposition ⇒ consonantal opposition Original IF a language has a vocalic opposition, THEN it has a consonantal opposition. Standardized IF there is…
Universal 228: case (noun) ⇒ inflection (verb) Original If nouns inflect for case, then verbs inflect for some inflectional category. Standardized IF nouns inflect for…
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Universal 244: Original Inflectional systems either have all three of the following properties or none of them: (i) inflectional exponents are intimately joined to the…
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Universal 260: ergative language ⇒ prefix-suffixal personal conjugation Original In ergative languages personal conjugation is of prefixal or prefix-suffixal nature. Standardized IF alignment is predominantly…
Universal 276: number (adjective V verb) ⇒ number (noun) Original If there is a regular number distinction in the forms of the adjective or of…
Universal 292: verb agreement (OBL) ⇒ verb agreement (DO) Original In all languages: if the verb agrees with the oblique object, it agrees with the…
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Universal 308: Original If active and passive voices differ from each other in nominal actants form, they differ in verb form as well. Standardized IF…