Universal 645: Original If the gender of a 3rd person personal pronoun does not vary when used in reference to the addressee(s), in a language…
Universal 645:
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Das grammatische Raritätenkabinett & The Universals Archive
Universals Archive
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Universal 645: Original If the gender of a 3rd person personal pronoun does not vary when used in reference to the addressee(s), in a language…
Universal 661: converb prominence ⇔ OV Original There is a correlation between converb prominence and object-verb word order. Standardized IF there is converb prominence, THEN…
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Universal 677: Original If a language uses relative pronouns of interrogative form in ad-relative* clauses, then in that language interrogative pronouns are placed in initial…
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Universal 693: Original The two intonation shapes that are found everywhere are fall and rise, with their targets, low and high. The meanings are as…
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Universal 709: Original Systems in which high tones are marked occur more often than systems in which low tones are marked. Standardized Marked tones tend…
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Universal 725: Original Laterals [liquids] tend to occur in the neighborhood of consonants whereas nonlaterals tend to occur in the neighborhood of vowels. Standardized Laterals…
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Universal 741: Original The Tendency of Adjectival N/L-Switching:In a language with nominal-locational switching for adjectives, the nominal option will encode the more time-stable reading. Standardized…
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Universal 757: Original … the generalization that the presence of at least one posterior (compact) injective implies the presence of at least one anterior (diffuse)…
Universal 773: secondary fricative ⇒ primary fricative Original No language has secondary fricatives unless it also has primary fricatives. Standardized IF there are secondary fricatives,…
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Universal 789: Original If in a given language there are only two Primary Nasal Consonants, the other one is /m/, that is its most characteristic…