Category: Universals Archive

Universal 493: QSent ⇒ prepositions;SentQ ⇒ postpositions Original With well more than chance frequency, when question particles or affixes are specified in position by reference…

Universal 509: verb agreement in gender (subject V object) ⇒ > verb agreement in number (subject V object) Original Whenever the verb agrees with a…

Universal 525: Original Every language has a numeral system of finite scope. Standardized Every language has a numeral system of finite scope. Keywords numeral Domain…

Universal 541: Original If a link for addition occurs medially, it always goes with the following numeral in a prepositional language and with the preceding…

Universal 557: Original When languages with and without articles are in contact, it is more common for languages without an article to pick one up…

Universal 573: obligatory (in)definiteness marking ⇒ ¬ obligatory numeral classifier Original If a language has obligatory marking of (in)definiteness, then it has no obligatory marking…

Universal 589: Original All languages include utterance pairs where inclusion relations between semantic representations are paralleled by corresponding inclusion relations in morpheme structure; but in…

Universal 605: Original If a language has a derivational morpheme whose distributional characterization makes reference to objects, it will also make reference to intransitive subjects…

Universal 621: Original Distributive-key quantifier words are at least as closely bound to their head nouns as their ordinary counterparts. Standardized Distributive-key quantifier words are…

Universal 637: Original Variation in number to show degrees of respect or social distance is used in pronominal reference only to individuals, never to groups.…