Universal 795: X voiced obstruents ⇒ ≥X voiceless obstruents Original There is a very highly significant tendency for languages to have more voiceless obstruents than…
Category: Universals Archive
Universals Archive
Universal 811: cumulative stress ⇒ reduced vowel Original Languages with cumulative stress have reduced vowels. Standardized IF there is cumulative stress, THEN there are reduced…
Universal 827:
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Universal 827: Original Relative markers of the same form as interrogative pronouns are found only in postnominal ad-relatives* (and their right-extraposed** counterparts) and in correlative…
Universal 843:
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Universal 843: Original In final clusters, the existence of at least one sequence consisting of a nasal (voiced or unvoiced) followed by a heterogenic obstruent…
Universal 859:
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Universal 859: Original In initial clusters the existence of at least one sequence containing a liquid, whether voiced or unvoiced, immediately followed by an obstruent…
Universal 875:
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Universal 875: Original In final clusters, the existence of at least one cluster consisting of nasal + nasal implies the existence of at least one…
Universal 891:
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Universal 891: Original Iambic vs. Trochaic languagesSee Graphics Standardized see Graphics for Iambic vs. Trochaic languages Keywords stress, syllable, unit, order, object, verb, subject, adverb,…
Universal 907:
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Universal 907: Original Adpositions may encode the valency-bound syntactic core relations of subject and object and perhaps attribute only if languages dispense with morphological case…
Universal 923:
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Universal 923: Original If in a given language, syllabic consonants are created by syncope in stressed syllables, then they have been created by stress in…
Universal 939:
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Universal 939: Original When in a given language there is extensive neutralization of nasal vowels with oral vowels, this occurs next to nasal consonants. Standardized…