Category: Universals Archive

Universal 845: Original In initial clusters, the presence of at least one combination of stop + stop implies the presence of at least one combination…

Universal 861: Original Voiced semivowels are not followed by obstruents in initial clusters or preceded by obstruents in final clusters. Standardized In initial clusters, IF…

Universal 877: Original Every language with final clusters contains at least one cluster with a final obstruent in the dental-alveolar region. Standardized IF there are…

Universal 893: head-marking ⇒ adjectives similar to verbs Original Head-marking languages tend to have an adjective class of type (b), where adjectives are grammatically similar…

Universal 909: Original In a language with only a single genitive, when a transitive clause is nominalized, the subject’s prior claim to the genitive case…

Universal 925: Original Standardized If a language contains syllables with vowel nuclei of the form CmVCn and syllables with consonantal nuclei of the form Cm’C§Cn’,…

Universal 941: Original A nasal syllabic phoneme, apart from borrowings and analogical formations, always results from the loss of a vowel. Standardized A nasal syllabic…

Universal 957: Original For languages with phonemic stress, the presence of n unstressed syllables flanking a stressed syllable implies the presence of n -1 unstressed…

Universal 973: Original If there are analogical changes in their inflectional paradigms, the forms (stems and affixes) of 3rd person are more likely to be…

Universal 989: conjoined comparative ⇒ ¬ deranking & ¬ identity deletion;conjoined comparative ⇒ balancing & ¬ identity deletion Original Languages with a conjoined comparative are…